红细胞计数

定义

An 红细胞计数 is a blood test that measures how many red blood cells (RBCs) you have.

红细胞表面包含 血红蛋白, a protein which carries oxygen. How much oxygen your body tissues get depends on how many RBCs you have and how well they work.

选择的名字

Erythrocyte count; Red blood cell count; 贫血 - 红细胞计数

如何执行测试

A 血液样本 是必要的.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special preparation is necessary.

考试的感觉如何

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. 这很快就会消失.

为什么要进行测试

The 红细胞计数 is almost always part of a complete blood count (加拿大广播公司)测试.

The test can help diagnose different kinds of 贫血 (low number of RBCs) and other conditions affecting red blood cells.

Other conditions that may require an 红细胞计数 are:

• Bone marrow disorder in which the marrow is replaced by scar tissue (myelofibrosis)
• Disease that damages kidney blood vessels (Alport综合征)
• Disorder in which red blood cells break down earlier than normal (溶血 or paroxysmal nocturnal 血红蛋白uria)
• 白血球癌(Waldenström macroglobulinemia)

正常的结果

正常RBC范围为:

• 男:4.7 to 6.1 million cells per microliter (cells/mcL)
• 女:4.2 to 5.400万个细胞/mcL

The ranges above are common measurements for results of these tests. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your health care provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

异常结果意味着什么

Higher than normal numbers of RBCs may be due to:

• Bone marrow disease that causes abnormal increase in RBCs (真性红细胞增多)
• 吸烟
• 脱水 (for example, from severe diarrhea)
• Failure of the right side of the heart (肺心病)
• Kidney tumor (renal cell carcinoma)
• Low blood oxygen level (hypoxia)
• Problem with heart's structure and function that is present at birth (先天性心脏病)
• Scarring or thickening of the lungs (肺纤维化)

Your 红细胞计数 will increase for several weeks when you are in a higher altitude.

Drugs that can increase the 红细胞计数 include:

• 合成代谢类固醇
• 促红细胞生成素
• 庆大霉素
• 睾酮

Lower-than-normal numbers of RBCs may be due to:

• 贫血
• 出血
• 骨髓癌称为 多发性骨髓瘤
• Bone marrow failure (for example, from radiation, toxins, or tumor)
• Deficiency of a hormone called erythropoietin (caused by kidney disease)
• 白血病
• 营养不良
• 怀孕
• 红细胞破坏(溶血) due to transfusion, blood vessel injury, or other cause
• 铁太少， 铜叶酸; 维生素B6, or 维生素B12 在饮食方面
• Too much water in the body (overhydration)

Drugs that can decrease the 红细胞计数 include:

• 化疗药物
• Chloramphenicol and certain other antibiotics
• 乙内酰脲
• 甲基多巴
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• 奎尼丁

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood buildup under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

加拉格尔PG. Hemolytic 贫血s: red blood cell membrane and metabolic defects. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 152.

小M. 贫血. In: Cameron P, 小M, Mitra B, Deasy C, eds. Textbook of Adult Emergency Medicine. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 13.

Pincus MR, Abraham NZ, Bluth M. Interpreting laboratory results. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 9.

意味着RT. 接近贫血症. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 149.